- A sentence which starts with an object ( receiver / affected agent of the action ) is called Passive Voice.( P.V.)
- Passive Voice is used to focus the object in the sentence and what happened to Object. But the meaning & Tense are not changed while we convert a sentence from A.V. to P.V.
- Some times Subject (doer of action ) is omitted in P.V. if it is well known, obvious or unimportant. Ex: He was admitted in the hospital. The results have been declared.
- The Subject of the A.V. becomes Object ( grammatically) of the P.V.and the Object of the A.V becomes Subject ( grammatically) of the P.V.
- Passive Voice is possible only with Transitive Verbs ( Verb that accepts an object)
- We can't form Passive voice with Intransitive verbs like 'go', 'sleep'..etc.
- The Verb Form in Passive Voice is / ends with ...../+ 'Be' form + V3
- 'Be' form + 'ing' form = Active Voice (A.V.) . Ex: I am writing a story / We were watching a film.
- 'Have' form + V3 = Active Voice . Ex: I have written a story./ They had arranged a meeting.
- 'Be' form + V3 = Passive Voice. Ex: A story has been written by me./ A story was written by me.
- The selection of 'Be' form is the key to make a correct Passive Voice. It depends on i) the tense of the given situation ii) the number & person of the new subject in P.V. (originally object in the A.V)
- P.V. is possible only in 8 places among all 12 aspects of the Tenses and usually we use preposition 'by' in P.V.
- Incomplete P.V. forms are commonly used in the news paper/T.V. head lines and on sign boards. Ex : Ten people killed in a road accident./ Milk sold here./ Exhibition opened grandly. (Add relevant 'Be' form before V3 to get complete form of P.V. for such headlines)
PASSIVE VOICE
(Verb Form : ……. ‘Be’ form + V3)
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SIMPLE
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CONTINUOUS
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PERFECT
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PERFECT CONTINUOUS
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PRESENT
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English is spoken by
me/us/you/him/them
Verb Form
: am/is/are+ V3
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English is being spoken by
me/us/you/him/them
VF :
am/is/are+ being+V3
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English has been spoken by
me/us/you/him/them
VF :
has/have + been+ V3
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No Passive Voice
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PAST
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English was spoken by
me/us/you/him/them
VF : was/were+
V3
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English was being spoken by
me/us/you/him/them
V F:
was/were+ being+ V3
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English had been spoken by
me/us/you/him/them
VF : had+
been+ V3
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No Passive Voice
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FUTURE
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English will be spoken by
me/us/you/him/them
VF :
shall/will+ be+ V3
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No Passive Voice
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English will have been spoken by
me/us/you/ him / them
VF
:shall/will+have+been+V3
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No Passive Voice
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