PASSIVE VOICE

• A sentence which  starts with an object ( receiver / affected agent of the action ) is called Passive Voice.( P.V.) 
• Passive Voice is used to focus the object in the sentence and what happened to Object. But the meaning & Tense are not changed while we convert a sentence from A.V. to P.V.
• Some times Subject (doer of action ) is omitted in P.V. if it is well known, obvious or unimportant.                        Ex: He was admitted in the hospital.  The results have been declared.
• The Subject of the A.V. becomes Object ( grammatically) of the P.V.and the Object of the A.V becomes Subject ( grammatically) of the P.V. 
• Passive Voice is possible only with Transitive Verbs ( Verb that accepts an object)
• We can't form Passive voice with Intransitive verbs like  'go', 'sleep'..etc.
• The Verb Form in Passive Voice is / ends with    ...../+ 'Be' form + V3
• 'Be' form + 'ing' form = Active Voice (A.V.) . Ex: I am writing a story /  We were watching a film.
• 'Have' form + V3 = Active Voice . Ex: I have written a story./ They had arranged a meeting.
•  'Be' form + V3 = Passive Voice. Ex: A story has been written by me./ A story was written by me. 
• The selection of 'Be' form is the key to make a correct Passive Voice. It depends on i) the tense of the given situation   ii) the number & person of the new subject in P.V. (originally object in the A.V)
• P.V. is  possible only in 8 places among all 12 aspects of the Tenses and usually we use preposition 'by' in P.V.
•  Incomplete P.V. forms are commonly used in the news paper/T.V. head lines and on sign boards. Ex : Ten people killed in a road accident./ Milk sold here./  Exhibition opened  grandly. (Add relevant 'Be' form before V3 to get complete form of P.V. for such headlines)

Let us know how to form  PASSIVE VOICE ( P.V.) with the help of the table given under:

PASSIVE VOICE  (Verb Form :  ……. ‘Be’ form + V3)
	SIMPLE	CONTINUOUS	PERFECT	PERFECT CONTINUOUS
PRESENT	English is spoken by me/us/you/him/them Verb Form : am/is/are+ V3	English is being spoken by me/us/you/him/them VF : am/is/are+ being+V3	English has been spoken by me/us/you/him/them VF : has/have + been+ V3	No Passive Voice
PAST	English was spoken by me/us/you/him/them VF : was/were+ V3	English was being spoken by me/us/you/him/them V F: was/were+ being+ V3	English had been spoken by me/us/you/him/them VF : had+ been+ V3	No Passive Voice
FUTURE	English will be spoken by me/us/you/him/them VF : shall/will+ be+ V3	No Passive Voice	English will have been spoken by me/us/you/ him / them VF :shall/will+have+been+V3	No Passive Voice